Exposure to hand transmitted vibration is a well-known risk factor for the development of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
How does carpal tunnel syndrome occur?
CTS occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm to the hand, becomes compressed as it passes through a narrow tunnel in the wrist called the carpal tunnel. This compression can cause pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected hand.
How can vibration cause symptoms?
Vibration may cause symptoms by directly or indirectly affecting this nerve or the surrounding tissues. Prolonged or repeated exposure to hand-held vibrating tools, such as power drills, sanders, or jackhammers, can also cause damage to the nerves, blood vessels, and tendons in the hand and wrist, leading to inflammation, swelling, or ultimately compression of the median nerve.
There is some evidence to suggest that the mode of injury for vibration-induced CTS (V-CTS) symptoms may differ to that from other causes such as repetitive or forceful movements. In most cases of “normal” CTS, decompression surgery brings about an immediate end to symptoms, but in the vibration-induced variant, there may be residual symptoms after surgery and those symptoms may become worse with further exposure, suggesting that there may be direct interaction and/or injury to the median nerve, rather than to the transverse ligament or other connective tissue.
Segmented nerve conduction studies (SNCS), where available, may help distinguish between V-CTS and other forms of CTS or nerve disorders that can cause similar symptoms, such as cubital tunnel syndrome or radial nerve entrapment.
Reducing exposure to vibration can help minimise risk
It is important to note that not everyone who uses vibrating tools will develop V-CTS, and other factors such as age, gender, genetics, and underlying medical conditions can also play a role in its development. However, minimising exposure to hand-held vibrating tools and taking breaks to rest and stretch the hands and wrists can help reduce the risk of developing these disorders.
Diagnosis and treatment
If you are experiencing the symptoms of CTS, such as pain, numbness, or tingling in the hand or wrist, it is important to consult with a medical professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Occupational health
If you have a question about exposure to vibration or would like to book in health surveillance, contact us via email: info@mohs.co.uk or phone: 0121 601 4041.